Aids Virus: Lava / HTLV-III
Information at the end of the year 1982 AIDS, sexually transmitted disease, an infection or blood trans-füzyonlarıyla days showed that. Bacteria and fungi in blood fractions used Hemofiliklerde considering holding the filters are prepared by passing the infection can be passed âmilinin filters, ie very small living things meant to be viruses. Until then known viruses (cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis virus, herpes virus) in their statement of such a disease is unknown, according to a new virus in question should have been.
At that time, two American researchers Robert Gallo and Max Essex, a virus that is known HTLV'nin (Human T-Leukemia Virus) thought that AIDS could be motive. HTLV, types of cancer and leukemia in animals and at the same time, the immune system can print on the retrovirüslerailesindendir. Rare in Japan, a virus known as HTLV-I is a T leukemia and T-cell proliferation is here forever. However, the T cells in patients AlDS'li decreases. In addition, the T leukemia patients in Japan have been reported in any table of a disease similar to AIDS.
F'asteurtnstitüsü'nde in Paris the same day an "AIDS Research Group" was formed and they are also looking for the virus of the disease. In the last months of 1982, this group (President Luc Montagnier) AlDS'li have produced a patient's lymph glands can get a new virus. For this, the patient's lymphocytes were cultured. Interleukin-2 and anti-interferon was added into. Interleukin proliferation of lymphocytes, while anti-interferon also helped the growth of viruses.
In January of 1983 produced a new virus in cell culture. This is a virus retrovirüstü, because the culture fluid in the reverse transcriptase (reverse trahscriptase) consisted anzimi; electron microscope appearance of this virus is different, and new lymphocytes HTLV'den additional edildikçe multiply in them, but unlike HTLV'nin this çoğaltmıyordu lymphocytes. In addition, antibodies to HTLV by Gallo entered the new virus proteins by reaction, which showed that two different virus.
After that, the same virus from the Pasteur group of patients who have many other AlDS'li. Electron microscopy of cells (T lymphocytes) within and outside the viruses were detected. Their lengths were between 100-140 nanometers, or clubbing in the form of round dense, central or merkezdışı (eccentric) are kernels
This virus, helper T cells were found to be a big interest in, the proteins were determined; hastalarda.bunlara antibodies also were detected.
The French group found the virus LAV (lymphadenopathy Associated Virus) named. Americans (Gallo et al) insisted on this before you do not accept the HTLV virus.
French (Montagnier et al) claim that this is not the type of the virus HTLV. Today, AIDS virus, LAV / HTLV-III, the symbols are shown.
AIDS virus, T lymphocytes, "help" section shows a special interest in the cells. This mechanism, the T4 cell surface molecule (receptor) of the virus stuck, here entering the inside. Brain cells called monocytes and also in the virus entering cells, multiply within them understood. T-Virus "(help) to stop the growth of dividing lymphocytes, pasting them to each other and thus prevents the task to do.
All the proteins in the blood of patients with virus that is antijeniktir consists of antibodies against them. The antibodies which we refer for diagnosis. Antibodies in the blood of the patients, unfortunately, does not indicate a response to stop viruses or destructive.
Show a high rate of genetic changes in virus and antibodies and the immune system so the virus itself kurtarabilmektedir. Again, therefore, is realized as a vaccine against AIDS.
The sensitivity of the virus against physical factors
Many enveloped viruses, such as the LAV / HTLV-III is sensitive to heat. 56 degrees 30 minutes when heated loses bulaştirıcılığını virus. Lyophilized preparations for the cleaning of heat required to heat a longer period of time.
The virus, ionizing radiation (X rays) and is quite resistant to ultraviolet rays. 250 thousand rad of gamma rays or 5000 J/m2 (wavelength 254 nm), ultraviolet rays can inactivate the virus in part.
Chemical agents and the virus
Ether and acetone immediately kills the virus. Alcohol (ethanol) concentration of 20 percent, 0.2 percent sodium hypochlorite, betapropiolactone 25 per cent, sodium hydroxide, 40 mmol / liter, and 1 per cent glutaraldehyde concentration, the virus can not, in the preparation of human plasma hepatitis B vaccine has been determined that the transactions do not have the virus of AIDS.
As we have seen LAV / HTLV-III virus is not very durable and easy to inactivate a virus that can be.
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