Thyroid Gland and Thyroid Hormone Physiology

Embryology and Histology


Thyroid gland during embryological development of the language develops in part through the foramen cecum. Thyroglossal tract of fetal life through the 7th reaches the front side of the neck in the week.

A typical adult weighs 15-20 grams. Slightly smaller than in women. Below the cricoid cartilage, located in front of the trachea.


Cloth, cuboidal and furnished by the follicle epithelium is composed of columnar cells. Colloid in the lumen of the follicles in the middle of 50-75% by weight of the entire gland creates.


B. Thyroid Hormone Physiology


Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Thyroid follicle cells, plasma membrane protein, iodine through the APR take (capture). The iodine is then oxidized thyroid, tyrosine residues on Tg is connected to the structure of the glycoprotein. The resulting (MIT) and (DIT), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) 's through to create a combined peroxidase. T3 and T4 hormones to accumulate in the follicle colloid filled lumen. Thyroid hormones are released as a result of hydrolysis of plasma TG.


Pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), the capture of iodine, and thyroid hormone secretion checks. Thyroid-pituitary feedback mechanism is sensitive to the blood level of thyroid hormone and TSH secretion, which controls the dominant mechanism. T4 is the main hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, thyroid transporter proteins in peripheral tissues, and moved here more active metabolically converted to T3.


TSH secretion in response to a small amount of colloid and surrounded by epithelial cells of thyroid hormones into the blood during result of TG in the blood can pass a very small percentage of Tg. TG is used as an indicator of tumor-differentiated thyroid cancer total thyroidectomy and iodine-131 (I-131) after ablation shows a high rate of recurrence detection.

No comments:

Post a Comment

Ratings and Recommendations by outbrain