Surgical Treatment of Esophageal Cancer

Although the standard surgical approach for early-stage cancer, extensive disease than was detected during surgery is emerging as a clinical and curative in only half of patients are operable. (132) for the implementation of curative surgical treatment of a pre-operative period is necessary to have detailed information about the tumor. Buddha, reliable, healthy life expectancy estimates and whether the treatment modalities

provided with general knowledge.


Surgical approaches include:

1. Attempt left thoracotomy.

2. Ivor Lewis surgery.

3. Transhiatal esophagectomy.

4. Esophagogastrectomy radical en-block.

5. Three-field lymphadenectomy.

6. Palliative interventions.


Transthoracic or transhiatal esophagectomy has been made ​​in comparing the results of the meta-analysis, no difference was found in terms of the 5-year survival. Patients with resectable tumors, the median survival of approximately 11 months. 3-year survival

% 6-35.


The most frequent complications of pulmonary and cardiac problems. Also anastomaz are common. Esophageal cancer surgery is between 2-10% mortality. Preoperative mortality was 17%.


Radiotherapy


Radiotherapy is a treatment modality used in various phases of esophageal cancer. This treatment is the primary treatment method (RT alone or CRT), combined modality treatment (pre-op, post-op RT), adjuvant treatment (post-op adjuvant RT or CRT) and is applied in the form of palliative RT.


Surgical or relapses after surgery developed simultaneously

applied as a CRT.


Conformal RT or RT as a conventional radiotherapy technique can be applied.

Radiotherapy applied to the patient in the supine position is fixed. If you need help for the used instruments.


Recommended dose of RT 1.8 Gray / Gray fraction of total 50.4. Considerations, the spinal cord more than 45 Gray, 20 Gray's more than 70% of both lung volume and heart volume in more than 50% of the dose of 25 Gray Receiving stopping.